“Let him call the elders of the congregation” (JAMES 5:14).
1. How has Jehovah shown that he loves all his sheep very much?
Jehovah has shown that he loves all his sheep very much because he bought them with the blood of his Son Jesus and appointed elders to lovingly care for them, encourage them and protect them from spiritual dangers, following the instructions of Christ, the head of the congregation.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Acts 20:28 says that Jehovah purchased them with the blood of his own Son. But he has not left us alone. In the congregations that Jehovah has established, he has placed elders to lovingly care for them.
In Isaiah 32:2, we are told that the elderly are a shelter from the wind and a refuge from the rainstorm. This means they protect us from spiritual dangers. Furthermore, the text continues, saying that they are like streams of water in a parched land and like the shade of a mighty rock in a parched land. So, the elderly also encourage and comfort us when we need them most.
Isaiah 32:1 says that ‘princes will rule with justice.’ One publication mentioned that elders don’t go around looking for faults in others; on the contrary, they seek to help us.
2. Who is Jehovah especially interested in? (Ezekiel 34:15, 16).
Jehovah cares for all his sheep, but especially for those who are suffering or facing spiritual difficulties, and he uses the elders to care for them, comfort them, and strengthen them. If we need help, God wants us to pray to him, but he also wants us to turn to the “shepherds and teachers” of the congregation.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Jehovah cares for all his sheep, but especially for those brothers who are suffering and have problems; he is most concerned about them. That is why he has appointed a group of elders who care for them and help them.
When Ezekiel says in Ezekiel 34:16, “I will search for the lost, bring back the strayed, bind up the injured, and strengthen the weak,” we find a summary of the guidelines Jehovah gave the elders to care for each of his sheep, not as a group, but individually. Jehovah loves each one of us and knows our weaknesses and difficulties.
3. Why will this article benefit us all?
This article will benefit all of us because it will help us understand how Jehovah uses elders to strengthen us spiritually, when and why we should turn to them, and how they can help us. Furthermore, it will encourage even those who are strong in faith to appreciate more the help Jehovah provides through elders and to prepare themselves in case they may need their support in the future.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Because it is a provision and help from Jehovah, and if we understand the reason, it will be easier for us to accept this.
This article also helps those who are spiritually strong to value help more and to prepare themselves so that, if in the future they need to turn to the elderly, they will already know how to do so.
WHEN TO “CALL” THE ELDERLY
4. How do we know that James 5:14-16, 19, 20 refers to someone who is spiritually ill? (See also the pictures.)
We know that James 5:14-16, 19, and 20 refers to someone spiritually ill because the text doesn't indicate that a doctor should be called, but rather the elders of the congregation, who assist in spiritual matters. Furthermore, it mentions that the person is healed when their sins are forgiven, which shows that it is a spiritual, not a physical, illness.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
We know that these verses from James refer to a spiritual illness because verse 5:14 indicates as much. It doesn't speak of going to a doctor, but to the elders, and it mentions that the person will be healed when their sins are forgiven. This shows that the problem is spiritual, not physical.
We can also compare this to what happens when we are physically ill: we don't try to heal ourselves because we know we're not sure how. Similarly, when we are spiritually ill, we need to turn to the elders to help us receive that wonderful "antibiotic" that will heal us—the counsel of the Bible.
The image shows the patient explaining their problem openly and honestly. In both cases—the physical problem and the spiritual one, represented in the image on the right—the doctor or the elder listens attentively and doesn't jump to conclusions. It's a good example of how to act when we have a problem, whether physical or spiritual.
Something that shows whether we truly want to get better and trust the guidelines of the doctor or the elderly person, in this case, is that we then follow them and put them into practice, no matter the cost.
The image shows that when we are physically ill, we go to a doctor; but when we are spiritually ill, we go to an elder, who is like a spiritual doctor.
When we want to get better, we tell the doctor everything in detail; we don't leave anything out, and we're very specific. Similarly, we should act the same way with the elders: if we want them to help us get right with Jehovah, we shouldn't hold anything back; we should tell them everything so they can help us improve our spiritual health.
James 5:12 encourages us to be firm and consistent in our decisions, and not to contradict ourselves. This will prevent us from being judged.
ILLUSTRATION
Series of images: 1. A man explains to a doctor that his arm hurts. 2. A brother is sitting on an outdoor bench with an elderly man and is telling him what's wrong.
When we get physically sick, we go to the doctor; when we get spiritually sick, we go to the elders. (See paragraph 4.)
5. How can we check our state of spiritual health?
We can assess our spiritual health by comparing our relationship with Jehovah now with how it was when we were baptized. For example, we can ask ourselves if we still enjoy reading the Bible as much, if we attend meetings regularly, and if the preaching work is still important to us.
If we notice that we have lost enthusiasm or that material things have gained more importance, this may indicate a spiritual weakness. In that case, if we are unable to correct it on our own, we should turn to the elders for help.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
We can review it by comparing the enthusiasm we have now with the enthusiasm we had when we were baptized.
We ask ourselves if we enjoy reading the Bible as much as before, if we still meditate on it, if we continue to attend meetings and prepare for them, and if we continue to participate in the preaching work as much as before, or if it is no longer as important to us.
The questions in the paragraph contain nuances that help us see that it's not just about whether we're engaging in spiritual activities, but whether we're doing them with enthusiasm. For example, reading the Bible is not the same as meditating on it and dedicating time to it. Preparing for meetings is not the same as doing so with time and dedication. And going out to preach occasionally is not the same as considering preaching as something important to us. This will indicate the state of our spiritual health.
Continuing with the example of the doctor and physical illness, we are constantly encouraged to get medical checkups to stay healthy. The same is true in the spiritual sense. Before we have a problem in our relationship with Jehovah, we should take this test and constantly ask ourselves how our relationship with Jehovah is; this will help us avoid becoming spiritually ill.
In James chapter 5 we are encouraged to ask the elders for help as soon as we notice that we have a spiritual health problem, before we drift away from Jehovah.
James 1:22 reminds us of a problem: we deceive ourselves. Sometimes we might think, “I’m strong, I don’t need anything,” or, out of fear of the outcome, we prefer not to take a test. The reality is that this is a form of self-deception that we want to overcome through these questions and this analysis.
6. What should someone do who has committed a serious sin?
Someone who has committed a serious sin should talk to the elders of the congregation. They can help him repair his friendship with God. In addition, he should demonstrate through his actions that he is truly repentant, and one of those actions is confessing his sin to the elders to receive the spiritual help he needs.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
What he should do is talk to the elders, because in that case he does need help to repair his friendship with Jehovah.
One way to show we are truly repentant is to talk to the elders and confess what we have done. It is by demonstrating our repentance through our actions that Jehovah will truly forgive us.
If a brother has committed a serious sin and is truly repentant, he should seek help from the elders, for they will provide the necessary assistance with Bible-based counsel. They are qualified to do so and can help him restore his friendship with Jehovah.
If we don't confess our sin, the same thing that happened to King David could happen to us. He hid his sins and suffered spiritually, emotionally, and even physically. Therefore, the Bible teaches us that when we commit a sin, we should go to the elders immediately.
A common mistake in the medical field is self-medicating. It's said to be very common: some people take medicine on their own because they don't want to see a specialist. But spiritually, this is very dangerous because it can damage our friendship with Jehovah. Therefore, to repair it, we need to confess this sin to spiritual healers.
7. Who else needs the help of the elderly?
Those who are spiritually weak also need the help of the elders. For example, those struggling with wrong desires or past habits can turn to the elders for encouragement, practical advice, and reminders of Jehovah’s support and approval. The elders help strengthen the faith of those who strive to remain steadfast and not give up in their spiritual battle.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Those who also need the help of the elders are those who are spiritually weak. They may, for example, be struggling with a wrong desire or have engaged in some unethical practice before learning the truth. They should know that they are not alone in this struggle: they can confide in an elder, tell him their concerns; he will listen, give them good advice, and tell them that as long as they do not give in to these desires, Jehovah will be on their side.
As Ecclesiastes 4:12 says, the important thing about talking with elders is that, when one does not walk alone, he may be overcome; but two together can stand against the aggressor, and a triple cord is not easily broken.
Some might think that asking for help is a sign of weakness, but 1 Corinthians 10:12 says, “Let the one who is standing take heed lest he fall.” So, acknowledging that one can fall, being humble, and admitting the need for help is actually very courageous and requires great strength. Therefore, someone who asks for help is the very opposite of a weak person.
In 1 Corinthians 10:12 we are warned that we may think we are standing firm, because it says, “He who thinks he stands firm.” This should warn us to examine ourselves and not rely on our own thoughts.
8. What kind of mistakes do you not need to tell the elderly about?
It is not necessary to tell the elders every mistake we make that we can correct by following Bible principles. For example, if we offend someone, we can make peace with that person by following Jesus’ counsel at Matthew 5:23, 24. However, if the problem persists or we are unable to resolve it on our own, then we can ask an elder for help.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
It is not necessary to tell the elders every mistake we make. For example, if someone has treated us badly or offended us, we can follow Jesus Christ’s advice at Matthew 5:23: “If you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother or sister has something against you, leave your gift there, be reconciled to them, and then come and offer your gift.” Therefore, we should not tell the elders all our mistakes; we should think about how to lighten their burden.
Because, you could say, we make mistakes every day. So, we shouldn't go to the elders for every mistake we make. We are encouraged to be spiritually mature and to seek guidance from the Bible and our publications. If we see that things are getting out of hand, then we could go to them, but first, let's remember that we have plenty of information and guidance to know what to do.
The example mentioned in Philippians 4:2-3, where Paul tells them to help Euodia and Syntyche, likely stems from the fact that they had already spoken and spent time together, but their disagreement remained unresolved. Paul then tells them to help because both were important women who worked with the elders, but perhaps they needed some guidance or advice to resolve their differences.
WHY “CALL” THE ELDERLY
9. Even if we feel embarrassed to talk to the elders, why should we do it? (Proverbs 28:13).
Even if we feel embarrassed to talk to the elders, we should do so because Jehovah has appointed them to help us stay strong and spiritually healthy. By going to them, we demonstrate trust in God and his instructions, and we can receive his mercy and forgiveness by confessing and forsaking our sins.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
As we read at Proverbs 28:13, this is how we truly demonstrate to Jehovah our repentance and receive his forgiveness. Furthermore, going to the elders is also how Jehovah helps us to remain spiritually strong.
Proverbs 28:13 says, “Confess and forsake your sins.” It seems that both must be done. It is not enough to simply confess and not forsake your sins, but neither is it enough to forsake your sins and not confess. Both must be combined.
Psalm 94:18 tells us that Jehovah, with his loyal love, can sustain us, just as he did the psalmist. But to trust that this will happen and that Jehovah will sustain us, we must follow the instructions and the method he has provided, which is to go to the elders. It is important that, even if we feel embarrassed or hesitant, we go directly to them, because this is how Jehovah can help us.
Going to the elders is also a way of showing our faith. We demonstrate faith when we trust in the means Jehovah has provided. We are saying to Jehovah, ‘I trust in you.’ And that is what we do when we confess our sins, when we go out in the ministry, or when we attend meetings. It is a demonstration of our faith.
Proverbs 28:13 tells us that hiding our sins will not go well for us. Jehovah reminds us that he is with us and does not want to leave us alone, but wants us to be well; that is why he has appointed elders. We should trust in the elders as much as we trust in Jehovah.
The paragraph refers to the fact that one can feel shame, and it's normal to feel bad after committing a sin. However, we must keep in mind that when someone is suffering, the goal of the elders is not to find faults or shortcomings, nor to point out what someone is doing wrong, but quite the opposite: to help them feel better and recover spiritually.
10. What can happen if we try to hide our sins?
If we try to hide our sins, we will harm ourselves, just as King David did, suffering spiritually, emotionally, and physically for concealing his mistakes. Spiritual problems, like physical injuries, worsen if left untreated. That is why Jehovah lovingly invites us to go to the elders to “set things right” and restore our spiritual health.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
If we try to hide our sins, we will harm ourselves, as the example of King David shows us: when he hid his sins, he suffered physically, emotionally, and spiritually; but when he confessed them, Jehovah forgave him and helped him.
Continuing with the example of a physical illness, if we don't go to the doctor, we most likely won't get better. The same is true in a spiritual sense: when we try to hide our sins and don't confess them, it will be detrimental to us.
Psalm 32:3-5 describes how David felt while he kept his sins a secret. It says that his bones wasted away, that he groaned all day long, that his conscience troubled him greatly, and that the hand of Jehovah felt very heavy upon him. However, when he finally confessed his sin, he felt relief and experienced Jehovah's great love once again, because Jehovah forgave him upon seeing his sincerity, even though his sins had been serious.
Isaiah 1:5-6 describes the state of Israel: they were battered, bruised, and covered in wounds because they had not repented and continued to be stubborn. However, in verse 18, he tells them, “Come now, let us settle things between us,” and in this way, they will be healed. And that is what happens: when we confess the mistakes we have made, that is when the healing begins.
11. What else can happen when serious sins are hidden?
When serious sins are hidden, not only is the personal relationship with Jehovah harmed, but also the spiritual peace of the congregation, since God's spirit may cease to flow freely.
Furthermore, if we know that someone has committed a serious sin and we conceal it, we also bear responsibility. Therefore, we should lovingly encourage that person to speak with the elders, thus helping to keep the congregation clean and to restore their relationship with God.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
What the apostle Paul mentions in his letter to the Ephesians can happen: that we grieve God’s Holy Spirit. So we see that hiding a sin can only cause God’s spirit to stop flowing freely in the congregation and threaten peace. Therefore, our love for Jehovah should motivate us to take the step of confessing our sins.
If we know of a brother who has committed a serious offense, we should speak with him and encourage him to take the step of speaking with the elders, because otherwise, we could become complicit in that sin. If the brother does not take this step, then we should take the initiative and do so, because in this way we contribute to keeping the congregation clean and show our love and care for that brother, since the sooner he resolves this situation, the sooner he will recover spiritually.
HOW THE ELDERLY HELP US
12. How do the elderly support those who are spiritually weak?
Elders support those who are spiritually weak by listening to them with patience and understanding. They ask wise questions to understand what the person feels and thinks, and they are not quick to judge or draw conclusions. They strive to listen attentively and offer advice only after fully understanding the situation.
Furthermore, they show empathy and dedication, knowing that some difficulties require time to resolve and that their goal is to help restore the person's relationship with Jehovah.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
They help them in various ways. 1 Thessalonians 5:14 gives them instructions on how to do this: in addition to correcting the brothers, they are to comfort those who suffer, support the weak, and be patient with everyone. It is a very important task that requires a lot of effort.
Perhaps one way to make the elders' job easier is to be open and express yourself; and if you say something that isn't the most correct or appropriate, that's okay. We have the example of Job, who said at Job 42:3: 'And it is true, I spoke without understanding of things too wonderful for me, things I did not know,' but Jehovah didn't take his words into account because he knew he was in a difficult situation; that's why we can express ourselves freely.
Proverbs 20:5 says that the thoughts of a man's heart are like deep waters, but a discerning person draws them out. Elders are like this, because they can ask thoughtful questions that don't put too much pressure on the person, but allow them to get to the bottom of the situation, so that those who have sinned can express themselves more easily.
The elders also help with their patience, because at the end of the paragraph it is explained that there are cases in which it takes time to reach a conclusion; therefore, more than one conversation can be had with the brothers who need it.
13. What else will the elderly do to help us? (See also the pictures.)
Elders help us by praying for us and using the Bible to comfort and strengthen us. Their prayers have a powerful effect that can lift our spirits.
Furthermore, they apply “oil in the name of Jehovah”; that is, they lovingly and skillfully use the truths of God’s Word to comfort, console, and help us restore our relationship with Jehovah. Through their counsel and support, Jehovah strengthens us and shows us the right path.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
As James 5:15 says, the elders will pray for us, and this prayer has a very powerful effect, as the text mentions: it will cause the sick person to recover, that Jehovah will raise him up and that his sins will be forgiven.
The paragraph also says that they will try not to do anything that would make us feel even more guilty and that they will skillfully use the Bible to relieve us, comfort us and help us to restore our relationship with Jehovah.
We would never imagine that, in addition to someone having committed a grave sin and being in a position where they need help, an elderly person could be harsh. It can even be very difficult for them, because sometimes they too can be emotionally affected.
The elders deal a lot with the brothers in the congregation, and when they find themselves in a difficult situation, they have to put their feelings aside and act as James 5:15 says, and that is a real gift from the elders.
Continuing with this illustration of doctors, when, after analyzing, questioning, and examining the patient, a diagnosis is reached, the next step is to prescribe medication. Similarly, when elders listen, they can offer sound biblical counsel to help the brother recover.
Just as one goes to the pharmacy, buys medicine and takes it, we must apply the advice we have received from the elders; otherwise, everything that has been done previously will be useless.
When they come feeling discouraged or burdened with guilt, they may be surprised to find that the elders' prayers touch their hearts. The effect must be very positive; they may even be surprised to experience this.
The image shows us that the people are the same as in the previous photo; however, their expressions are completely different. In the previous photo, they were worried and hurt. Now, both are smiling and looking straight ahead because, by trusting the elderly and placing that potential lack or need in their hands, they have been able to transform their situation into joy.
ILLUSTRATION
Series of images: 1. The doctor in the previous image is examining the man's arm. There is an X-ray of the arm on the wall. 2. The elderly man in the previous image is with another elderly man at the brother's house, encouraging him with the Bible. The brother listens to them with a smile.
Elderly people use the Bible for comfort and solace. (See paragraphs 13 and 14.)
14. According to Galatians 6:1, how do elders help someone who takes “a false step”? (See also the pictures.)
Elders help those who take “a false step” by gently correcting them and showing kindness and compassion. Like a doctor who carefully realigns a bone to avoid causing further pain, they offer gentle and humble counsel, remembering that they too are imperfect. Their goal is to restore the brother’s friendship with Jehovah, not to judge him or cause him further pain.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Elders do not correct harshly; they do so with understanding, and their primary goal is to help the brother rise up and strengthen his faith. They are aware that if they do not remain spiritually firm, they too may stumble.
Just as someone who dislocates their shoulder and goes to the doctor is most concerned with avoiding further pain, when any of us ask for help, we may wonder how we will be treated, what others will think of us, how we will be evaluated, and whether we will be labeled. 1 Peter 3:8 teaches us that pain can be minimized if the person is treated with empathy, by putting ourselves in their shoes, with affection and tender compassion, motivated by love and humility, without considering ourselves superior; in this way, the pain will surely not increase.
The word “correct” or “readjust” can refer to the action of repositioning a dislocated bone to prevent permanent injury, that is, putting it back in place. Just as a good doctor does, the elders try to correct their brother with great kindness, so as not to cause him further harm.
It is said that those who counsel others must watch themselves, so that their words are like a balm, putting the brother in his place within the congregation and helping him to repair his relationship with Jehovah.
15. What can we do if we have a problem?
If we have a problem, we can confidently approach the elders of the congregation, as they maintain confidentiality and base their advice on the Bible, not on personal opinions. Although each one has a different personality and experience, they are all qualified to help us.
We shouldn't just seek out those who tell us what we want to hear, but rather accept guidance based on God's Word. Furthermore, elders can collaborate with one another to give us the best possible counsel, demonstrating humility and wisdom.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
We should trust the elders; they possess the qualities Jehovah has given them to help us. They will not act on personal opinions but will always follow the Bible’s counsel, and they will not betray the trust we have placed in them. As Galatians 6:2 says, they will help us carry our own burdens as well.
Proverbs 11:13 says, “A trustworthy person keeps a confidence.” And that is precisely what elders are: trustworthy people. We cannot go from elder to elder seeking advice until one tells us what we want to hear; we must speak with one, and in that case, he may ask us if we have already discussed the matter with another elder and what advice he gave us. Modesty may prompt him to seek the opinion of another elder.
The brothers who have been in the truth for many years know the elders; although they know that each one has his own way of being, they are all wonderful, kind, loving and attentive to us.
Proverbs 11:13 says: “A slanderer goes about revealing confidential conversations, but a trustworthy person knows how to keep a confidence.” This is a factor that elders should keep in mind. When a brother makes a mistake or commits a wrong, they should not rely on their personal opinions but on Bible principles to help that brother appropriately.
As for keeping things confidential, of course, an elderly person wouldn't tell their wife or a friend; but even among the elderly, one doesn't share what the other doesn't need to know. If someone confides in them, there's no need for anyone else to know the details.
WHAT RESPONSIBILITY DOES EACH OF US HAVE?
16. What responsibility do we have?
We have a personal responsibility to show Jehovah, through our words and actions, that we love him and want to please him. Although the elders guide us with the Bible, they do not decide for us; each one must apply Bible principles and make his own decisions. This helps us to strengthen our discernment and to be faithful to Jehovah out of personal conviction.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
We have the responsibility to make our own decisions and to ensure that these decisions demonstrate our love for Jehovah. It is good that we have the elders, who can help us see Bible principles that guide us in making those decisions; but ultimately, the responsibility is ours.
What if, in addition to asking for advice, we ask the elder to tell us what we should do? Clearly, that would not be in harmony with what Romans 14:12 says: that no one will give an account for us, but we ourselves will give an account.
Jehovah has also given us free will to make our own decisions. Therefore, what Hebrews 5:14 says is very appropriate to apply to these matters: if we train our ability to distinguish good from bad, even if we need help or guidance to do so, in the end each one must make his or her own decision.
17. What should we be determined to do?
We must be determined to make the most of the wonderful gift Jehovah has given us: the help of the elders. When we feel spiritually weak or sick, we should not hesitate to turn to them, trusting that Jehovah has appointed them to guide us, strengthen us, and feed us with knowledge and understanding.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
As has been seen throughout The Watchtower, elders are one of the gifts that Jehovah bestows upon his servants, and so we should take advantage of them; otherwise, it would be as if we were rejecting a gift from Jehovah by not relying on them.
Looking back, we see how Jehovah has fulfilled his promise to provide shepherds who act in harmony with his will. This has been the case for centuries, and many brothers and sisters, when their lives have been complicated by imperfection or weaknesses, have received help from the elders, who have mercifully encouraged them to move forward.
When we have committed a serious sin, we should speak with the elders so they can help us repair our relationship with God. But also, when we notice we have an evil desire we cannot resist, before we give in to it we can ask them for help in readjusting our ways.
WHAT WOULD YOU ANSWER?
When should we "call" the elderly?
We should “call” the elders when we notice that we have a spiritual health problem; that is, when we feel that our relationship with Jehovah is weakening or being damaged.
We don't need to wait for the situation to worsen; we can turn to them as soon as we notice a spiritual weakness or a struggle against an evil desire that we find difficult to control and feel we might lose the battle. If we commit a serious sin, we should also seek their help to restore our friendship with God.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
When we have committed a serious sin, we should speak with the elders so they can help us repair our relationship with God. But also, when we notice we have an evil desire we cannot resist, before we give in to it we can ask them for help in readjusting our ways.
Why should we "call" the elderly?
We should “call” on the elders because Jehovah has given them to help us stay strong and spiritually healthy. By going to them, we show that we trust in God and his instructions. Furthermore, seeking their help protects us from further spiritual harm, prevents us from hiding our mistakes, and helps preserve the peace and cleanliness of the congregation, thus contributing to our maintaining a good relationship with Jehovah.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Because it is a gift from Jehovah. He has appointed elders to help us stay spiritually strong, and by going to them, we show that we trust in him and his guidance.
Because if we hide our sins, we can harm ourselves and those around us both physically and spiritually.
How do the elderly help us?
The elders listen to us with attention and understanding, strengthen us spiritually, correct us with kindness and humility, and give us Bible-based advice to restore our friendship with Jehovah.
Furthermore, they alleviate our spiritual pain and give us advice without jumping to conclusions, striving to form a complete picture before advising us.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
The Bible shows that the prayers of the elders are very powerful, as are the counsels in God’s Word, which will comfort and relieve us. Thanks to this biblical counsel, it is as if we hear Jehovah directly, just as Isaiah 30:21 says, showing us the way and that we should walk in it, since the elders are appointed by Jehovah to help us.
We saw how, with empathy, the elderly tried to understand what was happening to their brother or sister so they could help them. They also treated us with affection and kindness if we needed correction, and they never made us feel inferior or considered themselves superior to us.
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